Ede and Lunsford: Audience Addressed/Audience Invoked

1. What’s the essay’s rhetorical situation? What’s the exigence(s)? Audience(s)? Constraints?

2. What do Lannon, Bitzer, and Ede and Lunsford respectively mean by “audience”?

3. What is an “addressed audience”? What is an “invoked audience”?

4. What are the strengths and weaknesses of thinking audience in terms of it being either “addressed” or “invoked”?

5. Technical Writing Examples: What are their respective rhetorical situations? What are their exigences, constraints, and audiences (think “audience” as both addressed and invoked)?